Architectural waterproof coatings are widely used in waterproof projects. Their waterproof performance and convenient construction are the reasons why everyone likes them. However, when purchasing architectural waterproof coatings, many people do not know how to choose appropriate and regular waterproof coatings. Inferior waterproof coatings play a harmful role in waterproof construction, which will not only affect the waterproof performance, but also affect the waterproof project.
1. What is architectural coating? What scope does it include?
In my country, coatings used for interior walls, exterior walls, ceilings, and floors of buildings are generally called architectural coatings. Architectural coatings include wall coatings (synthetic resin emulsion interior wall coatings, synthetic resin emulsion exterior wall coatings, solvent-based exterior wall coatings, other wall coatings), waterproof coatings (solvent-based resin waterproof coatings, polymer emulsion waterproof coatings, other waterproof coatings), floor coatings (cement-based and other non-wood floor coatings), functional architectural coatings (fireproof coatings, mildew-proof coatings, thermal insulation coatings, and other functional architectural coatings).
2. Are coatings and paints the same thing? What is the relationship between architectural coatings and paints?
Coatings are a general term for materials that are applied to the surface of an object and can form a firmly attached continuous protective film. Because early coatings were mainly made of oils and natural resins as the main raw materials, they were formerly called paints. With the development of science, various synthetic resins are widely used as the main raw materials for coatings, which has fundamentally changed the appearance of paint products. The term paint is no longer appropriate, and they are collectively referred to as coatings. The content of coatings is very wide, including traditional paints, solvent-based coatings and water-based coatings produced with various synthetic resins as the main raw materials. Architectural coatings are no exception, and the content is the same as that of coatings.
3. What are the functions of architectural coatings?
Architectural coatings have decorative functions, protective functions and habitability improvement functions. The decorative function is to improve the appearance value of a building by beautifying it. It mainly includes the conceptual design of flat colors, patterns and gloss, and the conceptual design of three-dimensional patterns. However, it must be coordinated with the shape of the building itself and the size and shape of the substrate itself to fully play its role. The protective function refers to the function of protecting the building from environmental influences and damage. The function of improving living quality is mainly for indoor coating, which is to help improve living conditions, such as eliminating odor, releasing negative ions, preventing mildew and sterilization, and preventing condensation.
4. What are the advantages of architectural coatings compared with other finishing materials?
As decorative and finishing materials, architectural coatings have many advantages: bright colors, rich shapes, good decorative effects; excellent performance, diverse functions, good protection effects; convenient construction, easy maintenance, low unit cost; light weight, energy saving, and high work efficiency. In addition, compared with other finishing materials, there are many unique features, such as diversified construction methods, spraying, roller coating, brushing, smearing, and roughening, which can form colorful natural patterns and artistic shapes. Architectural coatings can still be constructed as usual on walls with more complex linear shapes, and there are no technical problems such as pasting. The use of coatings for finishing the interior and exterior walls of buildings is the simplest, most economical and practical method among various finishing methods.
5. What principles are architectural coatings classified according to? Is there a unified classification method?
The following methods are used for classification.
(1) According to the type of base material, architectural coatings can be divided into organic coatings, inorganic coatings and organic-inorganic composite coatings. Organic coatings can be divided into solvent-based organic coatings, water-based organic coatings and water-soluble organic coatings according to the different solvents used. Inorganic architectural coatings are mainly inorganic polymer coatings, but also include traditional cement, lime, etc., but the latter are rarely used. There are two ways to compound organic-inorganic composite coatings. One is to physically mix organic materials and inorganic materials to make coatings; the other is to chemically react with organic materials and inorganic materials to make coatings.
(2) According to the thickness and texture (shape) of the coating film, it can be divided into flat coatings with a smooth surface; sand-wall coatings with a sand-like decorative effect; and multi-layer coatings with a three-dimensional decorative effect of concave and convex patterns (including ring-shaped, spotted, orange peel, rough, etc.).
(3) According to the location of use on the building, it can be divided into interior wall coatings, exterior wall coatings, floor coatings, ceiling coatings, etc.
(4) According to the functional classification, it can be divided into decorative coatings and special functional coatings (such as fire retardant coatings, mildew-proof coatings, waterproof coatings, elastic coatings, etc.).
6. What are the most popular interior and exterior wall coatings in the market?
At present, my country's architectural coatings market is still very active. The mainstream is water-based coatings, and the most important variety is latex coatings, which account for an increasing proportion of the total amount of architectural coatings. The main varieties of interior wall coatings are synthetic resin emulsion interior wall coatings such as styrene-acrylate, pure acrylate, vinyl acetate-acrylate, etc., with different glosses such as matte, silk, and semi-gloss. There are also low-end interior wall coatings such as water-soluble scrub-resistant interior wall coatings, imitation porcelain coatings, starch interior wall coatings, and polyvinyl alcohol water glass coatings. These coatings are cheap, with poor performance and decorative properties. In the relevant policies of the state and the Ministry of Construction, these products have been listed as banned, restricted or eliminated products, but they still occupy a certain market share in remote areas with less developed economies. The main types of exterior wall coatings include styrene-acrylate, pure acrylate, silicone-modified acrylate, fluorocarbon and other synthetic resin emulsion thin exterior wall coatings, including flat, semi-gloss, glossy, high-gloss and other varieties. In addition, there are elastic exterior wall coatings, sand wall-like exterior wall coatings, real stone paint exterior wall coatings, multi-layer pattern exterior wall coatings and other synthetic resin emulsion thick coatings and imitation metal curtain wall coatings (metallic paints). Among exterior wall coatings, in addition to latex coatings, there are also inorganic exterior wall coatings, organic-inorganic composite exterior wall coatings, solvent-based exterior wall coatings, etc. In recent years, low-toxic solvent-based acrylic exterior wall coatings, self-cleaning coatings, thermal insulation coatings, anti-sticking and anti-graffiti coatings and other functional exterior wall coatings have emerged. Due to their excellent performance, they are in line with the direction of energy saving and environmental protection and have a good development direction.
